M78 (NGC 2068) Observation Guide — Diffuse Nebula in Orion

Overview

M78 is a Diffuse Nebula located in Orion, cataloged as NGC 2068. With an apparent magnitude of 8.3, it lies About 1,600 light-years from Earth. This Intermediate-level object is best observed in the Winter sky.

Diffuse nebulae are clouds of interstellar gas and dust that glow when illuminated by nearby stars. They are known as stellar nurseries where new stars are born.

Basic Data

Item	Data
Messier Number	M78
Catalog Number	NGC 2068
Object Type	Diffuse Nebula
Constellation	Orion
Apparent Magnitude	8.3
Distance	About 1,600 light-years
Best Season	Winter
Difficulty	Intermediate
Required Equipment	Small telescope

Physical Characteristics

This object is located About 1,600 light-years from Earth with an apparent magnitude of 8.3.

Observation Guide

How to Find

M78 is located in the Orion region. It transits around 20:00–22:00 during Winter, making it well-positioned for observation. use the main stars of Orion as guide stars and confirm the exact position with a star chart or app.

Observation Tips

For nebula observation, using UHC or OIII filters improves contrast and reveals more detailed structures. Observing from dark-sky locations is ideal.

Recommended Equipment

We recommend observing from dark skies with a telescope of 80mm aperture or more.

Astrophotography Tips

M78 is a popular target for astrophotography. Tracking with an equatorial mount is essential. Long exposures (30 seconds to several minutes) at high ISO reveal details invisible to the naked eye. Stacking multiple images reduces noise and produces beautiful, detailed results.

Summary

M78 is a Diffuse Nebula observable in Orion, rated Intermediate level. Enjoyable with a small telescope, it is one of the most popular Messier objects for observation. Try observing it in the Winter night sky!